About Google buckyball:
Today on September 4th, you might have noticed a new Google Doodle. The second ‘O’ in the Google logo is spinning and it has a football like shape. The fun part of this new Google Doodle is that you can spin the football with your mouse. You might be wondering, what is it? Here is what it is. Google is actually celebrating 25th anniversary of Buckyball.google doodle buckyball Google New Spinning Doodle Buckyball
What the heck is Buckyball? It is actually soccer-ball-shaped molecule that was first observed in a laboratory 25 years ago. It is also known as fullerene. It is composed entirely of carbon and it’s 1 nanometer wide. Buckyballs and quantum dots are two nanotools which are useful in medicine. The Doctors can use buckyballs and quantum dots in gene therapy to send genes into human cells.
Astronomers using NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope have also discovered buckyballs in space for the first time two months ago.
Check out the video below to see new Google Doodle in action
Buckyballs Wiki | Buckyballs Wikipedia | what is buckyball ?
Buckyball is a member of a class of carbon structures called fullerenes. Fullerenes are an allotrope (solid structure) of the element carbon – the best known being diamond and graphite. Fullerenes can be hollow spheres like buckyball, ellipsoid, or tubes (buckytubes). Fullerenes are similar in structure to graphite, which is composed of a sheet of linked hexagonal rings, but they contain pentagonal (or sometimes heptagonal) rings that prevent the sheet from being planar.
The structure of C60 – buckminsterfullerene – is that of a truncated icosahedron, which resembles a round soccer ball of the type made of hexagons and pentagons, with a carbon atom at the corners of each hexagon and a bond along each edge. The molecule was named for Richard Buckminster Fuller, a noted architect who popularized the geodesic dome.
In 1985, Professor Harry Kroto (UK) whilst working on the possible structures of interstellar carbon molecules approached Professors Curl and Smallery (US) to use their laser beam equipment so do lab simulations of carbon chain formation in star systems. The experiment carried out in September 1985 not only proved that carbon stars could produce the chains but revealed an amazing, serendipitous result – the totally unexpected existence of the C60 species.
Kroto, Curl, and Smalley were awarded the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their roles in the discovery of this new class of carbon compounds.
A fullerene is any molecule composed entirely of carbon, in the form of a hollow sphere, ellipsoid, or tube. Spherical fullerenes are also called buckyballs, and cylindrical ones are called carbon nanotubes or buckytubes. Fullerenes are similar in structure to graphite, which is composed of stacked graphenesheets of linked hexagonal rings; but they may also contain pentagonal (or sometimes heptagonal) rings.
The first fullerene to be discovered, and the family’s namesake, was buckminsterfullerene (C60), prepared in 1985 by Harold Kroto, James Heath, Sean O’Brien, Robert Curl and Richard Smalley at Rice University. The name was an homage to Richard Buckminster Fuller, whose geodesic domes it resembles. Fullerenes have since been found to occur (if rarely) in nature.[1]
The discovery of fullerenes greatly expanded the number of known carbon allotropes, which until recently were limited to graphite, diamond, and amorphouscarbon such as soot and charcoal. Buckyballs and buckytubes have been the subject of intense research, both for their unique chemistry and for their technological applications, especially in materials science, electronics, and nanotechnology.
cosahedral C60H60 cage was mentioned in 1965 as a possible topological structure.[2] The existence of C60 was predicted by Eiji Osawa of Toyohashi University of Technology in 1970.[3][4] He noticed that the structure of a corannulene molecule was a subset of a soccer-ball shape, and he hypothesised that a full ball shape could also exist. His idea was reported in Japanese magazines, but did not reach Europe or the Americas.
Also in 1970, R. W.Henson (then of the Atomic Energy Research Establishment) proposed the structure and made a model of C60. The evidence for this new form of carbon was very weak and was not accepted, even by his colleagues. The results were never published but were acknowledged in Carbon in 1999.[5][6]
With mass spectrometry, discrete peaks were observed corresponding to molecules with the exact mass of sixty or seventy or more carbon atoms. In 1985, Harold Kroto (then of the University of Sussex), James R. Heath, Sean O’Brien, Robert Curl and Richard Smalley, from Rice University, discovered C60, and shortly thereafter came to discover the fullerenes.[7] Kroto, Curl, and Smalley were awarded the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their roles in the discovery of this class of compounds. C60 and other fullerenes were later noticed occurring outside the laboratory (e.g., in normal candle soot). By 1991, it was relatively easy to produce gram-sized samples of fullerene powder using the techniques of Donald Huffman and Wolfgang Krätschmer. Fullerene purification remains a challenge to chemists and to a large extent determines fullerene prices. So-called endohedral fullerenes have ions or small molecules incorporated inside the cage atoms. Fullerene is an unusual reactant in many organic reactions such as the Bingel reaction discovered in 1993. The first nanotubes were obtained in 1991.[8]
Minute quantities of the fullerenes, in the form of C60, C70, C76, and C84 molecules, are produced in nature, hidden in soot and formed by lightning discharges in the atmosphere.[9] In 1992, fullerenes were found in a family of minerals known as Shungites in Karelia, Russia.[1] In 2010, fullerenes have been discovered in space
Buckyball is a member of a class of carbon structures called fullerenes. Fullerenes are an allotrope (solid structure) of the element carbon – the best known being diamond and graphite. Fullerenes can be hollow spheres like buckyball, ellipsoid, or tubes (buckytubes). Fullerenes are similar in structure to graphite, which is composed of a sheet of linked hexagonal rings, but they contain pentagonal (or sometimes heptagonal) rings that prevent the sheet from being planar.
The structure of C60 – buckminsterfullerene – is that of a truncated icosahedron, which resembles a round soccer ball of the type made of hexagons and pentagons, with a carbon atom at the corners of each hexagon and a bond along each edge. The molecule was named for Richard Buckminster Fuller, a noted architect who popularized the geodesic dome.
In 1985, Professor Harry Kroto (UK) whilst working on the possible structures of interstellar carbon molecules approached Professors Curl and Smallery (US) to use their laser beam equipment so do lab simulations of carbon chain formation in star systems. The experiment carried out in September 1985 not only proved that carbon stars could produce the chains but revealed an amazing, serendipitous result – the totally unexpected existence of the C60 species.
Kroto, Curl, and Smalley were awarded the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their roles in the discovery of this new class of carbon compounds.
A fullerene is any molecule composed entirely of carbon, in the form of a hollow sphere, ellipsoid, or tube. Spherical fullerenes are also called buckyballs, and cylindrical ones are called carbon nanotubes or buckytubes. Fullerenes are similar in structure to graphite, which is composed of stacked graphenesheets of linked hexagonal rings; but they may also contain pentagonal (or sometimes heptagonal) rings.
The first fullerene to be discovered, and the family’s namesake, was buckminsterfullerene (C60), prepared in 1985 by Harold Kroto, James Heath, Sean O’Brien, Robert Curl and Richard Smalley at Rice University. The name was an homage to Richard Buckminster Fuller, whose geodesic domes it resembles. Fullerenes have since been found to occur (if rarely) in nature.[1]
The discovery of fullerenes greatly expanded the number of known carbon allotropes, which until recently were limited to graphite, diamond, and amorphouscarbon such as soot and charcoal. Buckyballs and buckytubes have been the subject of intense research, both for their unique chemistry and for their technological applications, especially in materials science, electronics, and nanotechnology.
cosahedral C60H60 cage was mentioned in 1965 as a possible topological structure.[2] The existence of C60 was predicted by Eiji Osawa of Toyohashi University of Technology in 1970.[3][4] He noticed that the structure of a corannulene molecule was a subset of a soccer-ball shape, and he hypothesised that a full ball shape could also exist. His idea was reported in Japanese magazines, but did not reach Europe or the Americas.
Also in 1970, R. W.Henson (then of the Atomic Energy Research Establishment) proposed the structure and made a model of C60. The evidence for this new form of carbon was very weak and was not accepted, even by his colleagues. The results were never published but were acknowledged in Carbon in 1999.[5][6]
With mass spectrometry, discrete peaks were observed corresponding to molecules with the exact mass of sixty or seventy or more carbon atoms. In 1985, Harold Kroto (then of the University of Sussex), James R. Heath, Sean O’Brien, Robert Curl and Richard Smalley, from Rice University, discovered C60, and shortly thereafter came to discover the fullerenes.[7] Kroto, Curl, and Smalley were awarded the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their roles in the discovery of this class of compounds. C60 and other fullerenes were later noticed occurring outside the laboratory (e.g., in normal candle soot). By 1991, it was relatively easy to produce gram-sized samples of fullerene powder using the techniques of Donald Huffman and Wolfgang Krätschmer. Fullerene purification remains a challenge to chemists and to a large extent determines fullerene prices. So-called endohedral fullerenes have ions or small molecules incorporated inside the cage atoms. Fullerene is an unusual reactant in many organic reactions such as the Bingel reaction discovered in 1993. The first nanotubes were obtained in 1991.[8]
Minute quantities of the fullerenes, in the form of C60, C70, C76, and C84 molecules, are produced in nature, hidden in soot and formed by lightning discharges in the atmosphere.[9] In 1992, fullerenes were found in a family of minerals known as Shungites in Karelia, Russia.[1] In 2010, fullerenes have been discovered in space
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Google buckyball Video
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